The Physics That Defines Musical Harmony

The Physics That Defines Musical Harmony

The familiar harmony of a major chord isn’t a cultural accident, but a direct result of the laws of physics that govern how the invisible overtones within a sound wave interact.

Why do some chords sound pleasant while others feel jarring? The answer may lie not just in culture, but in physics. A compelling model demonstrates how musical harmony arises from the physical interaction of overtones—the higher frequencies within a note. This approach creates a “dissonance map” that predicts which note combinations will be consonant, explaining the structure of Western music and the unique scales found in cultures worldwide.

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