{"id":4364,"date":"2022-06-23T22:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-23T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/?p=4364"},"modified":"2022-06-09T01:20:11","modified_gmt":"2022-06-09T01:20:11","slug":"this-mosquito-species-from-papua-new-guinea-was-lost-for-90-years-until-a-photographer-snapped-a-picture-of-it-in-australia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/this-mosquito-species-from-papua-new-guinea-was-lost-for-90-years-until-a-photographer-snapped-a-picture-of-it-in-australia\/","title":{"rendered":"This mosquito species from Papua New Guinea was lost for 90 years \u2013 until a photographer snapped a picture of it in Australia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n \n
\n Tracking mosquitoes in our backyards, such as Aedes notoscriptus, helps authorities work out future health risks.\n Cameron Webb (NSW Health Pathology)<\/span>, Author provided<\/span><\/span>\n <\/figcaption>\n <\/figure>\n\nCameron Webb<\/a>, University of Sydney<\/a><\/em>; Craig Williams<\/a>, University of South Australia<\/a><\/em>; Larissa Braz Sousa<\/a>, University of South Australia<\/a><\/em>, and Marlene Walter<\/a>, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute<\/a><\/em><\/span>\n\n

There are already plenty of mosquitoes in Australia. They bring pest and public health risks to many parts of the country. <\/p>\n\n

Now a new species of mosquito, Aedes shehzadae<\/em>, has been discovered 90 years after the first (and only other observation) of it in Papua New Guinea \u2013 and it\u2019s thanks to citizen science.<\/p>\n\n

Mosquitoes and their health threats<\/h2>\n\n

Mosquitoes are simple creatures, but they pose complex health risks. The recent widespread arrival of Japanese encephalitis virus, which caused dozens of cases of disease<\/a> and five deaths, is a reminder of the threat mosquitoes pose in Australia. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

To address this threat, there are mosquito and mosquito-borne pathogen surveillance programs<\/a> in states and territories around the country. Our borders are checked by the Department of Agriculture Water and Environment<\/a> for the arrival of invasive mosquitoes with international travellers, their belongings, or freight. <\/p>\n\n

These programs collect valuable information on local and invasive mosquitoes. But they can\u2019t be everywhere \u2013 which is where citizen science<\/a> can step in.<\/p>\n\n

\n \"\"\n
\n Water-filled potted plant saucers and other containers in the backyard can be a perfect place to find mosquitoes.<\/span>\n Cameron Webb (NSW Health Pathology\/University of Sydney)<\/span><\/span>\n <\/figcaption>\n <\/figure>\n\n

We can learn more about mosquitoes, and their spread across the country, with the help of volunteer \u201ccitizen scientists<\/a>\u201d. \nIndividuals or groups can participate in projects such as Zika Mozzie Seeker<\/a> or Mozzie Monitors<\/a>. Mozzie Monitors has expanded in recent years to become the only national program, primarily focused around the annual Mozzie Month<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n

Citizen scientists can also upload photographs of mosquitoes to online platforms such as iNaturalist<\/a>, which provides opportunities to observe the insects in nature. An analysis of more than 2,000 mosquito observations uploaded to iNaturalist<\/a> revealed an astonishing 57 species observed across Australia. <\/p>\n\n

And one of the most remarkable observations uploaded to iNaturalist in recent years has been a mysterious and distinctive mosquito, Aedes shehzadae<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A discovery 90 years in the making<\/h2>\n\n

Aedes shehzadae<\/em> was first captured in Australia by photographer John Lenagan in 2021, while on the lookout for moths in the Kutini-Payamu National Park (Iron Range) in Queensland\u2019s Cape York. <\/p>\n\n

The photo kicked off a cascade of investigations into mosquito collections held in research institutes and museums across Australia. They even stretched as far as the Natural History Museum in London.<\/p>\n\n

We and our colleagues have detailed the circumstances around this unique discovery in this month\u2019s edition of the Journal of Vector Ecology<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

Lenagan\u2019s photo wasn\u2019t just the first time Aedes shehzadae<\/em> was observed in Australia \u2013 it was also only the second time this mosquito had ever been formally recorded. The discovery may have gone unnoticed, had the photograph not been uploaded to iNaturalist<\/a> and sparked interest.<\/p>\n\n

\n \"Close-up<\/a>\n
\n The first time a live specimen of Aedes shehzadae<\/em> was observed in Australia, about 90 years after first being collected in the mountains of Papua New Guinea.<\/span>\n John Lenagan\/iNaturalist<\/span>, Author provided<\/span><\/span>\n <\/figcaption>\n <\/figure>\n\n

Cheesman<\/a> was a tenacious naturalist who collected around 70,000 specimens of insects, plants, and other animals for the Natural History Museum \u2013 many during expeditions to the South West Pacific.<\/p>\n\n

We don\u2019t know much about Aedes shehzadae<\/em>. We\u2019re not even sure whether it\u2019s a new arrival in Australia, or if it had simply not been observed before. In all likelihood it won\u2019t pose a significant threat to our backyards. <\/p>\n\n

But that can\u2019t be said for other exotic and invasive mosquitoes knocking on our door. Mosquitoes such as Aedes albopictus<\/em>, or the \u201ctiger mosquito\u201d, could be a game-changer<\/a> for mosquito-borne disease in Australia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Community assistance<\/h2>\n\n

Much has been said about the potential for citizen science to help health authorities identify exotic and invasive mosquitoes. This has been the case in Europe<\/a>. And these programs may well be instrumental<\/a> in tracking newly arrived mosquitoes that have hitched a ride with travellers or freight to the backyards and bushland of Australia.<\/p>\n\n

We\u2019re used to female mosquitoes biting us for blood<\/a>, but we\u2019re less aware of the flowers they visit to help pollination. We also don\u2019t know a lot about the animals that eat mosquitoes, so perhaps some photographs of them caught in spider webs would be useful too.<\/p>\n\n

There\u2019s no doubt participants in citizen science projects can contribute to our understanding of native and invasive species distribution in meaningful ways. If Aedes shehzadae<\/em> is anything to go by, anyone with a camera and some curiosity can be the discoverer of a new species, or new mosquito arrival.\"The<\/p>\n\n

Cameron Webb<\/a>, Clinical Associate Professor and Principal Hospital Scientist, University of Sydney<\/a><\/em>; Craig Williams<\/a>, Professor and Dean of Programs (Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences), University of South Australia<\/a><\/em>; Larissa Braz Sousa<\/a>, PhD candidate on citizen science and public health, University of South Australia<\/a><\/em>, and Marlene Walter<\/a>, Masters of Research Student, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n\n

This article is republished from The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Tracking mosquitoes in our backyards, such as Aedes notoscriptus, helps authorities work out future health risks. Cameron Webb…\n","protected":false},"author":103,"featured_media":4365,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[193,461,474],"class_list":{"0":"post-4364","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-nature","8":"tag-conservation","9":"tag-insect","10":"tag-the-conversation","11":"cs-entry","12":"cs-video-wrap"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/103"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4364"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4364\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4366,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4364\/revisions\/4366"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4365"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

The only other specimen of this mosquito was collected in Papua New Guinea in 1934, almost 90 years ago. It was collected by a remarkable unpaid entomologist named Lucy Evelyn Cheesman<\/a>, and stored in the Natural History Museum, until being formally described<\/a> in 1972 by the Malaria Institute of Pakistan entomologist M. Qutubiddin (first name unconfirmed). He named the mosquito after his daughter. <\/p>\n\n