{"id":3057,"date":"2021-10-08T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-08T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/?p=3057"},"modified":"2021-10-07T04:07:08","modified_gmt":"2021-10-07T04:07:08","slug":"here-are-the-science-nobel-prize-laureates-for-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/here-are-the-science-nobel-prize-laureates-for-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"Here Are the Science Nobel Prize Laureates For 2021"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Heads up\u2014the Nobel Prize laureates for 2021 have been announced for the sciences of Physiology and Medicine, Chemistry, and Physics. Here are the distinguished individuals who have \u201cconferred the greatest benefit to humankind,\u201d as required for all laureates and according to the final will of its namesake and the Nobel Foundation founder, Swedish chemist and philanthropist Sir Alfred Nobel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"the-nobel-prize-in-physiology-or-medicine-2021\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This year\u2019s Nobel Prize in the fields of medicine for 2021 were awarded to two individuals, David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian, \u201cfor their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img  decoding=\"async\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  alt=\"\"  class=\" pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/8l-jDFB-i9a3hR7GPlC6BiWlTrhdt2e8bpE2NEB2_Rq5IJ7NY8XUUGQ2yqbFHin3cgXDwYFqBzrAY8qRLlAzE7BAQ5ZUov5f13VWcpU3XqUhkkHaOnP781TT8GBSj7a-rcoryrgd=s0\" ><figcaption> The two Nobel Prize laureates for Physiology or Medicine this year are scientists David Julius (left) and Ardem Patapoutian (right); the two were awarded for their landmark research into how our nervous system interacts with the world through our perception of touch and temperature. (Morocco Latest News, 2021) <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>David Julius is an American scientist who was born in New York back in 1955. He is currently a professor at the University of California, San Francisco; He got his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley and was a postdoctoral fellow at Columbia University.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"David Julius: &quot;The reason we were able to do it is because we started looking at the natural world.&quot;\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JN785BltqPM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption> Listen to an over-the-phone interview by Adam Smith to Nobel Prize laureate David Julius about his circumstances upon receiving the news of the nomination. (Smith\/Nobel Prize, 2021) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ardem Patapoutian, on the other hand, was born in Beirut, Lebanon in 1967. He is currently a professor at Scripps Research in California; He got his Ph.D. from the California Institute of Technology at Pasadena, and was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, San Francisco.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Ardem Patapoutian: &quot;In science, many times, things we take for granted are of high interest&quot;\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9_KMkvxP4h4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption> Listen to an over-the-phone interview by Adam Smith to Nobel Prize laureate Ardem Patapoutian about his circumstances upon receiving the news of the nomination. (Smith\/Nobel Prize, 2021) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Julius was awarded for his discovery of the gene called <em>TRPV1<\/em> back in the 1990s, which coded for a protein that responds to heat at temperatures of over 43 \u00b0C (109 \u00b0F). Julius used <em>capsaicin<\/em>, the chemical responsible for making peppers spicy to the taste, and exposed cells to it to isolate the responding TRPV1. The discovery of TRPV1 led to the discovery of other genes with a similar function, including <em>TRPM8<\/em>, which instead responded to cold; in fact, TRPM8 was independently identified by both Julius and Patapoutian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Patapoutian, on the other hand, was awarded for his discovery of two <em>ion channels<\/em> in the skin also back in the 1990s, named <em>Piezo1 <\/em>and <em>Piezo2<\/em>, which responded to touch. After identifying a group of cells which produced an electrical signal when interacted with by touch, Patapoutian and team took out genes in a sequence until it led them to one which, when removed, disabled the cell\u2019s electrical response to touch. Later studies found that these channels played a vital role in other bodily processes, like blood pressure maintenance and bladder control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"the-nobel-prize-in-chemistry-2021\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This year\u2019s Nobel Prize in Chemistry, on the other hand, was also awarded to two chemists, Benjamin List and David W.C. MacMillan, \u201cfor the development of <em>asymmetric organocatalysis<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group aligncenter\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img  loading=\"lazy\"  decoding=\"async\"  width=\"1000\"  height=\"666\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  alt=\"\"  data-id=\"3059\"  data-full-url=\"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/19062.jpg\"  data-link=\"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/?attachment_id=3059\"  class=\"wp-image-3059 pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-ls-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/19062.jpg\"  data-pk-srcset=\"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/19062.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/19062-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/19062-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/19062-380x253.jpg 380w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/19062-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/19062-80x53.jpg 80w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/19062-760x506.jpg 760w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/19062-600x400.jpg 600w\" ><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img  loading=\"lazy\"  decoding=\"async\"  width=\"960\"  height=\"640\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  alt=\"\"  data-id=\"3058\"  data-full-url=\"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TJBFOJ73ZFKWLLNO6CUZHUPLNQ.jpg\"  data-link=\"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/?attachment_id=3058\"  class=\"wp-image-3058 pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-ls-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TJBFOJ73ZFKWLLNO6CUZHUPLNQ.jpg\"  data-pk-srcset=\"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TJBFOJ73ZFKWLLNO6CUZHUPLNQ.jpg 960w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TJBFOJ73ZFKWLLNO6CUZHUPLNQ-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TJBFOJ73ZFKWLLNO6CUZHUPLNQ-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TJBFOJ73ZFKWLLNO6CUZHUPLNQ-380x253.jpg 380w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TJBFOJ73ZFKWLLNO6CUZHUPLNQ-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TJBFOJ73ZFKWLLNO6CUZHUPLNQ-80x53.jpg 80w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TJBFOJ73ZFKWLLNO6CUZHUPLNQ-760x507.jpg 760w, https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TJBFOJ73ZFKWLLNO6CUZHUPLNQ-600x400.jpg 600w\" ><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\"> The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this year goes to two chemists, Benjamin List (left) and David W.C. MacMillan (right). Their work led science to a new kind of catalyst which plays a key role in pharmaceutical and solar cell research. (left: Fassbender\/AFP, 2021; right: Princeton University\/Applewhite\/REUTERS, 2012) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>List was born in Frankfurt, Germany in 1968, and received his Ph.D. from Goethe University in Frankfurt back in 1997. He is currently the director of the Max Planck Institute for Coal Research in Germany. MacMillan, born in Bellshill, the United Kingdom also in 1968, received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Irvine, back in 1996. He is currently a professor at Princeton University.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Catalysts <\/em>themselves are nothing new; these are substances or chemicals that accelerate chemical reactions without participating in the reaction themselves. Science had known only two types of catalysts\u2014metal- and enzyme-based\u2014until the two independently discovered a third kind back in the year 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Their then newly-discovered system, known as asymmetric organocatalysis, uses a \u201cframe\u201d or carbon (C) atoms with other chemical groups embedded in its structure, like oxygen (O) and phosphorus (P). The abundance of the chemical makeup of this new class of catalysts made them cheaper and more environmentally friendly compared to the other kinds. Additionally, these new catalysts can create a specific <em>chirality<\/em> for molecules they help generate, which can be either <em>right-handed<\/em> or <em>left-handed<\/em>, thus why they\u2019re \u201casymmetric\u201d; while other catalysts can do the same, they often create both at the same time with no preference between the two. These new catalysts have paved the way for improvements in both pharmaceutical applications and in solar cells, among others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"&quot;It&#039;s a game changer. Like a new chess piece that is very, very powerful.&quot;\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/uNfnQL0uOtE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption> The short interview by Joanna Rose of Nobel Committee member Peter Somfai can be viewed here. (Rose\/Nobel Prize, 2021) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"the-nobel-prize-in-physics-2021\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, the Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded in two halves, and was given to laureates \u201cfor [their] groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex physical systems.\u201d One half goes to the duo of physicists Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann \u201cfor the physical modelling of Earth\u2019s climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming.\u201d The other half was awarded to Giorgio Parisi \u201cfor the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img  decoding=\"async\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  alt=\"\"  class=\" pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/g94O1UWVcX52DiM8-d7lbC1mI-Oklsas_u8vevp2UD3dui9for6iGfn-WyMtNt6T_Mqiq9voonUc4U3A17I5gh9reeqh4SgzhX_nwMiPu_9R2LltZdc4gYAWOuGmHq97bmjFsoVy=s0\" ><figcaption> The Nobel Prize in Physics for 2021 is shared by two groups: the first by the duo of Syukuro Manabe (left) and Klaus Hasselmann (center); the second by Giorgio Parisi (right). (left: Nyman; center: Guillen\/EPA\/Shutterstock; right: Catanzaro; Hamish, 2021) <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Manabe, born in 1931 in Shingu, Japan, earned his Ph.D. at the University of Tokyo back in 1957. He currently serves as senior meteorologist at Princeton University. Hasselmann, on the other hand, was also born in 1931 in Hamburg, Germany. He received his Ph.D. in 1957 from the University of G\u00f6ttingen, and is now currently a professor at the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Germany. Finally, Parisi, born 1948 in Rome, Italy, received his Ph.D. from Sapienza University in 1970, where he now currently serves as professor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Back in the 1960s, Manabe worked with a team to develop a 3D climate model which demonstrated the dangerous effect of elevated carbon levels in the atmosphere to our planet\u2019s surface temperatures. Hasselmann developed atop Manabe\u2019s work around a decade later in the 1970s, and incorporated it into a newer climate model. This new model also gave us a better understanding of the stability of climate models compared to the apparent chaotic nature of the weather. Hasselmann\u2019s work helped future scientists identify both natural and man-made \u201c<em>atmospheric markers<\/em>,\u201d which helped identify man-made carbon emissions as the primary driver behind the rising surface temperatures worldwide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parisi, on the other hand, discovered what are called \u201chidden patterns\u201d in complex systems back in the 1980s. Because of his work, what used to be considered random patterns in several materials and phenomena in the realm of physics, such as the disordered complex systems of gas molecules in a confined space, can now be expressed mathematically. His findings aid studies far beyond the realm of physics, positively impacting fields such as biology and machine learning as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"&quot;This work holds up a light for other scientists going forward.&quot;\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Ezsbf42_RTA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption> The short interview by Joanna Rose of Nobel Committee for Physics member John Wettlaufer can be viewed here. (Rose\/Nobel Prize, 2021) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"references\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>France-Presse, A. (2021, October 7). <em>Duo wins Nobel Chemistry Prize for work on catalysts<\/em>. The Manila Times. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.manilatimes.net\/2021\/10\/07\/news\/national\/duo-wins-nobel-chemistry-prize-for-work-on-catalysts\/1817426\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.manilatimes.net\/2021\/10\/07\/news\/national\/duo-wins-nobel-chemistry-prize-for-work-on-catalysts\/1817426<\/a><\/li><li>Irving, M. (2021a, October 5). <em>First 2021 Nobel Prize awarded to pioneers of biology behind touch<\/em>. New Atlas. <a href=\"https:\/\/newatlas.com\/biology\/2021-nobel-prize-physiology-medicine-touch\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/newatlas.com\/biology\/2021-nobel-prize-physiology-medicine-touch\/<\/a><\/li><li>Irving, M. (2021b, October 6). <em>2021 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to scientists bringing order to chaos<\/em>. New Atlas. <a href=\"https:\/\/newatlas.com\/physics\/2021-nobel-prize-physics-order-chaos-climate\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/newatlas.com\/physics\/2021-nobel-prize-physics-order-chaos-climate\/<\/a><\/li><li>Irving, M. (2021c, October 7). <em>2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry honors discoverers of new catalyst class<\/em>. New Atlas. <a href=\"https:\/\/newatlas.com\/science\/2021-nobel-prize-chemistry-organic-catalysts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/newatlas.com\/science\/2021-nobel-prize-chemistry-organic-catalysts\/<\/a><\/li><li>Johnston, H. (2021, October 5). <em>Syukuro manabe, klaus hasselmann and giorgio parisi win the 2021 nobel prize for physics<\/em>. Physics World. <a href=\"https:\/\/physicsworld.com\/syukuro-manabe-klaus-hasselmann-and-giorgio-parisi-win-the-2021-nobel-prize-for-physics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/physicsworld.com\/syukuro-manabe-klaus-hasselmann-and-giorgio-parisi-win-the-2021-nobel-prize-for-physics\/<\/a><\/li><li>Pollard, N., Burger, L., &amp; Johnson, S. (2021, October 6). <em>Nobel chemistry prize goes to duo who developed a tool for molecule building<\/em>. Reuters. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/lifestyle\/science\/list-macmillan-win-2021-nobel-prize-chemistry-2021-10-06\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/lifestyle\/science\/list-macmillan-win-2021-nobel-prize-chemistry-2021-10-06\/<\/a><\/li><li>The Nobel Prize for Medicine awarded to Americans David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian. (2021, October 4). <em>Morocco Latest News<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/moroccolatestnews.com\/the-nobel-prize-for-medicine-awarded-to-americans-david-julius-and-ardem-patapoutian\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/moroccolatestnews.com\/the-nobel-prize-for-medicine-awarded-to-americans-david-julius-and-ardem-patapoutian\/<\/a><\/li><li><em>The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021<\/em>. (n.d.). The Nobel Prize. Retrieved October 7, 2021, from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/chemistry\/2021\/press-release\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/chemistry\/2021\/press-release\/<\/a><\/li><li><em>The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021<\/em>. (n.d.). The Nobel Prize. Retrieved October 7, 2021, from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/physics\/2021\/press-release\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/physics\/2021\/press-release\/<\/a><\/li><li><em>The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021<\/em>. (n.d.). The Nobel Prize. Retrieved October 7, 2021, from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/medicine\/2021\/press-release\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/prizes\/medicine\/2021\/press-release\/<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Heads up\u2014the Nobel Prize laureates for 2021 have been announced for the sciences of Physiology and Medicine, Chemistry,&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3060,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12,18,17],"tags":[309],"class_list":{"0":"post-3057","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-health-and-body","8":"category-history","9":"category-math-and-the-sciences","10":"tag-nobel-prize","11":"cs-entry","12":"cs-video-wrap"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3057","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3057"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3057\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3061,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3057\/revisions\/3061"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3060"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3057"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3057"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3057"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}