{"id":12224,"date":"2024-07-18T22:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/?p=12224"},"modified":"2024-07-05T05:55:44","modified_gmt":"2024-07-05T05:55:44","slug":"la-nina-is-coming-raising-the-chances-of-a-dangerous-atlantic-hurricane-season-an-atmospheric-scientist-explains-this-climate-phenomenon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/la-nina-is-coming-raising-the-chances-of-a-dangerous-atlantic-hurricane-season-an-atmospheric-scientist-explains-this-climate-phenomenon\/","title":{"rendered":"La Ni\u00f1a is coming, raising the chances of a dangerous Atlantic hurricane season \u2013 an atmospheric scientist explains this climate phenomenon"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"theconversation-article-body\">\n    <figure>\n      <img  decoding=\"async\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  class=\" pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/590750\/original\/file-20240426-20-na0hpp.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;rect=14%2C28%2C4784%2C3165&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;fit=clip\" >\n        <figcaption>\n          La Ni\u00f1a typically means cooler, wetter conditions on average globally, but not everywhere, and not every time.\n          <span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gettyimages.com\/detail\/news-photo\/man-walks-holding-an-umbrella-under-the-rain-in-cali-news-photo\/1231647087\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Luis Robayo\/AFP via Getty Images<\/a><\/span>\n        <\/figcaption>\n    <\/figure>\n\n  <span><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/pedro-dinezio-1528695\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pedro DiNezio<\/a>, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-colorado-boulder-733\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Colorado Boulder<\/a><\/em><\/span>\n\n  <p><em>One of <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/global-temperatures-are-off-the-charts-for-a-reason-4-factors-driving-2023s-extreme-heat-and-climate-disasters-209975\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the big contributors<\/a> to the record-breaking global temperatures over the past year \u2013 El Ni\u00f1o \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov\/products\/analysis_monitoring\/enso_advisory\/ensodisc.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">is now gone<\/a>, and its opposite, La Ni\u00f1a, is on the way.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p><em>Whether that\u2019s a relief or not depends in part on where you live. Above-normal temperatures are still <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov\/products\/predictions\/long_range\/seasonal.php?lead=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">forecast across the U.S. in summer 2024<\/a>. And if you live along the U.S. Atlantic or Gulf coasts, La Ni\u00f1a can contribute to the <a href=\"https:\/\/penntoday.upenn.edu\/news\/2024-tropical-cyclone-prediction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">worst possible combination of climate conditions for fueling hurricanes<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p><em>Pedro DiNezio, an atmosphere and ocean scientist at the University of Colorado who studies El Ni\u00f1o and La Ni\u00f1a, explains why and what\u2019s ahead.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"what-is-la-nina\">What is La Ni\u00f1a?<\/h2>\n\n<p>La Ni\u00f1a and El Ni\u00f1o are the two extremes of a <a href=\"https:\/\/oceanservice.noaa.gov\/facts\/ninonina.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recurring climate pattern<\/a> that can affect weather around the world.<\/p>\n\n<p>Forecasters know La Ni\u00f1a has arrived when temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean along the equator west of South America cool by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncei.noaa.gov\/access\/monitoring\/enso\/sst\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">at least half a degree Celsius<\/a> (0.9 Fahrenheit) below normal. During El Ni\u00f1o, the same region warms instead.<\/p>\n\n<p>Those temperature fluctuations might seem small, but they can affect the atmosphere in ways that ripple across the planet.<\/p>\n\n<figure>\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"440\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wVlfyhs64IY?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n            <figcaption><span class=\"caption\">How La Nina and El Nino form. NOAA.<\/span><\/figcaption>\n          <\/figure>\n\n<p>The tropics have an atmospheric circulation pattern called the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climate.gov\/news-features\/blogs\/enso\/walker-circulation-ensos-atmospheric-buddy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Walker Circulation<\/a>, named after Sir Gilbert Walker, an English physicist in the early 20th century. The Walker Circulation is basically giant loops of air rising and descending in different parts of the tropics.<\/p>\n\n<p>Normally, air rises over the Amazon and Indonesia because moisture from the tropical forests <a href=\"https:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/features\/AmazonLAI\/amazon_lai3.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">makes the air more buoyant there<\/a>, and it comes down in East Africa and the eastern Pacific. During La Ni\u00f1a, those loops intensify, generating stormier conditions where they rise and drier conditions where they descend. During El Ni\u00f1o, ocean heat in the eastern Pacific instead shifts those loops, so the eastern Pacific gets stormier.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"align-center \">\n            <img  decoding=\"async\"  alt=\"A map showing loops, with rising air over the Amazon and Indonesia.\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  class=\" pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-ls-sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589980\/original\/file-20240423-19-c4tuk9.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\"  data-pk-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589980\/original\/file-20240423-19-c4tuk9.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=300&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589980\/original\/file-20240423-19-c4tuk9.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=300&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589980\/original\/file-20240423-19-c4tuk9.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=300&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589980\/original\/file-20240423-19-c4tuk9.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=377&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589980\/original\/file-20240423-19-c4tuk9.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=377&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589980\/original\/file-20240423-19-c4tuk9.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=377&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" >\n            <figcaption>\n              <span class=\"caption\">During La Ni\u00f1a, the Walker Circulation intensifies, triggering stronger storms where the air rises.<\/span>\n              <span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.climate.gov\/news-features\/blogs\/enso\/walker-circulation-ensos-atmospheric-buddy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fiona Martin, NOAA Climate.gov<\/a><\/span>\n            <\/figcaption>\n          <\/figure>\n\n<figure class=\"align-center \">\n            <img  decoding=\"async\"  alt=\"A map showing loops, with rising air over the eastern Pacific.\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  class=\" pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-ls-sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589981\/original\/file-20240423-24-q28538.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\"  data-pk-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589981\/original\/file-20240423-24-q28538.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=300&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589981\/original\/file-20240423-24-q28538.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=300&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589981\/original\/file-20240423-24-q28538.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=300&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589981\/original\/file-20240423-24-q28538.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=377&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589981\/original\/file-20240423-24-q28538.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=377&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589981\/original\/file-20240423-24-q28538.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=377&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" >\n            <figcaption>\n              <span class=\"caption\">During El Ni\u00f1o, the Walker Circulation shifts eastward, so more storms form off California as warm air rises over the warmer waters of the eastern Pacific.<\/span>\n              <span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.climate.gov\/news-features\/blogs\/enso\/walker-circulation-ensos-atmospheric-buddy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fiona Martin, NOAA Climate.gov<\/a><\/span>\n            <\/figcaption>\n          <\/figure>\n\n<p>EL Ni\u00f1o and La Ni\u00f1a also affect <a href=\"https:\/\/scijinks.gov\/jet-stream\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the jet stream<\/a>, a strong current of air that blows from west to east across the U.S. and other mid-latitude regions.<\/p>\n\n<p>During El Ni\u00f1o, the jet stream tends to push storms toward the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subtropics#\/media\/File:World_map_indicating_tropics_and_subtropics.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">subtropics<\/a>, making these typically dry areas wetter. Conversely, mid-latitude regions that normally would get the storms become drier because storms shift away.<\/p>\n\n<p>This year, forecasters expect a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov\/products\/analysis_monitoring\/enso_advisory\/ensodisc.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fast transition to La Ni\u00f1a<\/a> \u2013 likely by late summer. After a strong El Ni\u00f1o, like the world saw in late 2023 and early 2024, conditions tend to swing fairly quickly to La Ni\u00f1a. How long it will stick around is an open question. This cycle tends to swing from extreme to extreme every <a href=\"https:\/\/www.climate.gov\/news-features\/understanding-climate\/el-ni%C3%B1o-and-la-ni%C3%B1a-frequently-asked-questions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">three to seven years on average<\/a>, but while El Ni\u00f1os tend to be short-lived, La Ni\u00f1as can last two years or longer.<\/p>\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"9p5nm\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/9p5nm\/1\/\" height=\"400px\" width=\"100%\" style=\"border: 0;\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"how-does-la-nina-affect-hurricanes\">How does La Ni\u00f1a affect hurricanes?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Temperatures in the tropical Pacific also <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/what-is-wind-shear-an-atmospheric-scientist-explains-how-it-can-disrupt-air-travel-and-tear-apart-hurricanes-213527\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">control wind shear<\/a> over large parts of the Atlantic Ocean.<\/p>\n\n<p>Wind shear is a difference in wind speeds at different heights or direction. Hurricanes have a harder time holding their column structure during strong wind shear because stronger winds higher up push the column apart.<\/p>\n\n<p>La Ni\u00f1a produces less wind shear, removing a brake on hurricanes. That\u2019s not good news for people living in hurricane-prone regions like Florida. In 2020, during the last La Ni\u00f1a, the Atlantic saw a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhc.noaa.gov\/climo\/images\/AtlanticStormTotalsTable.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">record 30 tropical storms<\/a> and 14 hurricanes, and 2021 had 21 tropical storms and seven hurricanes.<\/p>\n\n<p>Forecasters are warning that <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/hurricane-forecast-points-to-a-dangerous-2024-atlantic-season-with-la-nina-and-a-persistently-warm-ocean-teaming-up-to-power-fierce-storms-228351\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this year\u2019s Atlantic storm season<\/a> could <a href=\"https:\/\/penntoday.upenn.edu\/news\/2024-tropical-cyclone-prediction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rival 2021<\/a>, due in large part to shift toward La Ni\u00f1a. The tropical Atlantic has also been exceptionally warm, with <a href=\"https:\/\/climatereanalyzer.org\/clim\/sst_daily\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sea surface temperature-breaking records<\/a> for over a year. That warmth affects the atmosphere, causing more atmospheric motion over the Atlantic, fueling hurricanes.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"does-la-nina-mean-drought-returns-to-the-us-southwest\">Does La Ni\u00f1a mean drought returns to the US Southwest?<\/h2>\n\n<p>The U.S. Southwest\u2019s water supplies will probably be OK for the first year of La Ni\u00f1a because of all the rain over the past winter. But the second year tends to become problematic. A third year, as the region saw in 2022, can lead to <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/californias-water-supplies-are-in-trouble-as-climate-change-worsens-natural-dry-spells-especially-in-the-sierra-nevada-173142\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">severe water shortages<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Drier conditions also fuel <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-year-the-west-was-burning-how-the-2020-wildfire-season-got-so-extreme-148804\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more extreme fire seasons<\/a> in the West, <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/another-dangerous-fire-season-is-looming-in-the-western-u-s-and-the-drought-stricken-region-is-headed-for-a-water-crisis-160848\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">particularly in the fall<\/a>, when the winds pick up.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"align-center \">\n            <img  decoding=\"async\"  alt=\"An illustration of La Nina wind patterns.\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  class=\" pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-ls-sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589988\/original\/file-20240423-22-g2v6eb.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\"  data-pk-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589988\/original\/file-20240423-22-g2v6eb.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=343&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589988\/original\/file-20240423-22-g2v6eb.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=343&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589988\/original\/file-20240423-22-g2v6eb.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=343&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589988\/original\/file-20240423-22-g2v6eb.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=431&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589988\/original\/file-20240423-22-g2v6eb.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=431&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589988\/original\/file-20240423-22-g2v6eb.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=431&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" >\n            <figcaption>\n              <span class=\"caption\">During La Ni\u00f1a, the jet stream tends to be farther north, causing drier conditions across the U.S. Southwest.<\/span>\n              <span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.climate.gov\/media\/13109\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NOAA Climate.gov<\/a><\/span>\n            <\/figcaption>\n          <\/figure>\n\n<h2 id=\"what-happens-in-the-southern-hemisphere-during-la-nina\">What happens in the Southern Hemisphere during La Ni\u00f1a?<\/h2>\n\n<p>The impacts of El Ni\u00f1o and La Ni\u00f1a are almost a mirror image in the Southern Hemisphere.<\/p>\n\n<p>Chile and Argentina tend to get drought during La Ni\u00f1a, while the same phase leads to more rain in the Amazon. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/science-environment-64950045\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Australia had severe flooding<\/a> during the last La Ni\u00f1a. La Ni\u00f1a also <a href=\"https:\/\/weather.com\/en-IN\/india\/monsoon\/news\/2024-03-26-above-normal-rains-in-india-this-monsoon-due-to-la-nina-apec\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">favors the Indian monsoon<\/a>, meaning above-average rainfall. The effects aren\u2019t immediate, however. In South Asia, for example, the changes tend to show up a few months after La Ni\u00f1a has officially appeared.<\/p>\n\n<p>La Ni\u00f1a is <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2022EF003454\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">quite bad for eastern Africa<\/a>, where vulnerable communities are already in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/africa\/news\/detail-news\/en\/c\/1680179\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">long-term drought<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"align-center \">\n            <img  decoding=\"async\"  alt=\"A global map shows where areas are likely to be warmer, drier or wetter during La Nina.\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  class=\" pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-ls-sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589991\/original\/file-20240423-16-xi686w.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\"  data-pk-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589991\/original\/file-20240423-16-xi686w.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=620&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589991\/original\/file-20240423-16-xi686w.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=620&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589991\/original\/file-20240423-16-xi686w.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=620&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589991\/original\/file-20240423-16-xi686w.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=779&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589991\/original\/file-20240423-16-xi686w.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=779&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/589991\/original\/file-20240423-16-xi686w.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=779&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" >\n            <figcaption>\n              <span class=\"caption\">Typical La Ni\u00f1a climate impacts, though conditions aren\u2019t always like this.<\/span>\n              <span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pmel.noaa.gov\/elnino\/what-is-la-nina\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NOAA Climate.gov<\/a><\/span>\n            <\/figcaption>\n          <\/figure>\n\n<h2 id=\"is-climate-change-affecting-la-ninas-impact\">Is climate change affecting La Ni\u00f1a\u2019s impact?<\/h2>\n\n<p>El Ni\u00f1o and La Ni\u00f1a are now happening on top of the effects of global warming. That can exacerbate temperatures, as the world saw in 2023, and precipitation can go off the charts.<\/p>\n\n<p>Since summer 2023, the world has had <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/climate-heat-record-hot-march-copernicus-33621288477a660d176ac3ff4a06e5c1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10 straight months<\/a> of record-breaking global temperatures. A lot of that warmth is coming from the oceans, which are <a href=\"https:\/\/climatereanalyzer.org\/clim\/sst_daily\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">still at record-high temperatures<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n<p>La Ni\u00f1a should cool things a bit, but <a href=\"https:\/\/keelingcurve.ucsd.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">greenhouse gas emissions<\/a> that drive global warming are still rising in the background. So while fluctuations between El Ni\u00f1o and La Ni\u00f1a can cause <a href=\"https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:20210827_Global_surface_temperature_bar_chart_-_bars_color-coded_by_El_Ni%C3%B1o_and_La_Ni%C3%B1a_intensity.svg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">short-term temperature swings<\/a>, the overall trend is toward a warming world.<\/p>\n\n<p><em>This article, originally published May 9, 2024, has been updated with El Ni\u00f1o ending.<\/em><!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img  loading=\"lazy\"  decoding=\"async\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  alt=\"The Conversation\"  width=\"1\"  height=\"1\"  style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important\"  referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\"  class=\" pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/228595\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" ><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n\n  <p><span><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/pedro-dinezio-1528695\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pedro DiNezio<\/a>, Associate Professor of Atmospheric and Ocean Sciences, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-colorado-boulder-733\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Colorado Boulder<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n\n  <p>This article is republished from <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/la-nina-is-coming-raising-the-chances-of-a-dangerous-atlantic-hurricane-season-an-atmospheric-scientist-explains-this-climate-phenomenon-228595\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"La Ni\u00f1a typically means cooler, wetter conditions on average globally, but not everywhere, and not every time. Luis&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":879,"featured_media":12226,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/98\/Soi-map.png","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[120,580,704,474],"class_list":{"0":"post-12224","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-earth","8":"tag-climate-change","9":"tag-el-nino","10":"tag-la-nina","11":"tag-the-conversation","12":"cs-entry","13":"cs-video-wrap"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12224","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/879"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12224"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12224\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12225,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12224\/revisions\/12225"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12224"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12224"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/modernsciences.org\/staging\/4414\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12224"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}